Battery Reactivity, a Key Consideration

By Eric Hahn, Faculty Associate – Research, Energy Academic Group

Energy storage is an integral component of an increasingly electrified modern battlefield. This will result in a greater need for lightweight yet energy-dense storage systems. The increasing demand for these systems has resulted in the deployment of lithium ion (Li-ion) battery technologies across the force. The requirement to enable and protect the force on the modern battlefield, as well as minimize risks of collateral damage, places a premium on efficient and effective life cycle management of Li-ion battery technology.

Key life cycle considerations of Li-ion battery systems involve efficient and effective management of not only their energy storage benefits, but also their hazardous energy risks. Steve Sloop, a technology developer focused on battery materials recycling describes it as follows: “Li-ion battery reactivity can lead to explosion, even with state-of-the-art recycling practices. To show the risk of fire and energy release with batteries, a single small cell can reach over 600˚C and melt aluminum when cut with a shearing action, like what occurs in an industrial shredder.” Spent Li-ion batteries add to hazardous waste streams generated by the force. The risks and costs associated with this waste stream could be reduced or potentially eliminated with implementation of deactivation technology.

Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), OnTo Technology LLC (a DLA Small Business Innovation Research Contractor), and the Energy Academic Group are collaborating on concept stage exploratory study in the southwest region to identify and prioritize specific research development locations, activities and transition needs to enable implementation of new battery deactivation technology.