Archived Publications - Center on Combating Hybrid Threats
Archived Publications
2015
- A.Wess Mitchell, “The Case for Deterrence by Denial,” American Interest, August 12, 2015
- Aapo Cederberg and Pasi Eronen, “Wake Up, West! The Era of Hyrbid Warfare Is Upon Us,” Overt Action, August 25, 2015.
- Adam Elkus, “50 Shades of Gray: Why Gray Wars Concept Lacks Strategic Sense,” War on the Rocks, December 15, 2015
- Audrey Kurth Cronin, “The Changing Face Of War In The 21st Century,” Real Clear Defense, August 18, 2015.
- Eric Olsen, “America’s Not Ready for Today’s Gray Wars,” Defense One, December 10, 2015.
- Jan Joel Andersson and Thierry Tardy, Hybrid: What’s In a Name?, European Union Institute for Security Studies, October 2015, 4 pp.
- Jordan Chandler Hirsch and Peter Feaver, “Obama’s Thin Gray Line,” Foreign Policy, December 2, 2015
- Marcus Weisgerber, “Now NATO’s Prepping for Hybrid War,” Defense One, August 27, 2015.
- Maria Snegovaya, Putin’s Information Warfare in Ukraine, Washington, Institute for the Study of War, September 2015, 26 pp.
- Mark Galeotti, “Time to Think About ‘Hybrid Defense,’” War on the Rocks, July 30, 2015.
- Megan Eckstein, “U.S. Naval Commander in Europe: NATO Needs to Adapt to Russia’s New Way of Hybrid Warfare,” USNI News, October 6, 2015.
- Peter Pomerantsev, “Fighting While Friending: The Grey War Advantage of ISIS, Russia, and China,” Defense One, December 29, 2015.
- Thomas Gibbons-Neff, “The ‘New’ Type of War That Finally Has The Pentagon’s Attention,” Washington Post, July 3, 2015.
- Tony Wesolowsky and Mark Krutov, “Activist Says Russia Using ‘Hybrid Warfare’ in Syria,” Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, November 11, 2015.
2016
- Andreas Umland, Russia’s Pernicious Hybrid War Against Ukraine, Atlantic Council, February 22, 2016.
- Dan Goure, “NATO vs. Russia: How to Counter the Hybrid Warfare Challenge,” National Interest, July 7, 2016
- David Barno and Nora Bensahel, “A New Generation of Unrestricted Warfare,” War on the Rocks, April 19, 2016.
- David S. Maxwell, “Congress Has Embraced Unconventional Warfare: Will the US Military and The Rest of the US Government?” Small Wars Journal, December 29, 2016.
- Dominik P. Jankowski, “Hybrid Warfare: A Known Unknown?” Foreign Policy Blogs, July 18, 2016
- Eerik-Niiles Kross, “Putin’s War of Smoke and Mirrors,” Politico, April 9, 2016
- Joseph L. Votel, et al., “Unconventional Warfare in the Gray Zone,” Joint Force Quarterly, 1st Quarter 2016: 101-109.
- Julian E. Barnes, “NATO Works to Adapt to More Ambiguous Warfare Techniques,” Wall Street Journal, February 8, 2016.
- Martin N. Murphy, Understanding Russia’s Concept for Total War in Europe, Heritage Foundation, September 12, 2016.
- Max Boot, “How to Wage Hybrid War on the Kremlin,” Foreign Policy, December 13, 2016.
- Maxim Trudolyubov, “Russia’s Hybrid War,” New York Times, February 24, 2016.
- Molly McKew, “Estonian Report Details Russia’s ‘Hybrid Threat’ to Europe,” Washington Free Beacon, April 18, 2016.
- Nathan Freier and Christopher Compton, “Gray Zone: Why We’re Losing the New Era of National Security,” Defense One, June 9, 2016.
- Nicholas Fedyk, “Russian ‘New Generation’ Warfare: Theory, Practice, and Lessons for U.S. Strategists,” Small Wars Journal, August 25, 2016.
- Robert Caruso, “To Counter Russian Disinformation, Look to Cold War Tactics,” Defense One, September 20, 2016
2017
- “Baltics Battle Russia in Online Disinformation War,” Deutsche Welle (DW), October 8, 2017
- Anne Applebaum, “Maybe the A.I. Dystopia Is Already Here,” Washington Post, July 28, 2017
- Ben Schreckinger, “How Russia Targets the U.S. Military,” Politico, June 12, 2017
- Dan Lamothe, “In Finland, Mattis Backs Creation of a Hybrid Warfare Center Focused on Russia,” Washington Post, November 6, 2017.
- Daniel Calingaert, “How Dictators Use Our Open Society Against Us,” The Hill, July 6, 2017
- David Ignatius, “Russia Is Pushing to Control Cyberspace. We Should All Be Worried,” Washington Post, October 24, 2017.
- Jakub Janda, Six Immediate Steps to Stop Putin’s Aggression, Atlantic Council, March 13, 2017.
- James J. Wirtz, “Life in the ‘Gray Zone’: Observations for Contemporary Strategists,” Defense & Security Analysis, vol. 33, no. 2, 2017: 106-114.
- Jen Judson, “Countering ‘Little Green Men’: Pentagon Special Ops Studies Russia ‘Gray Zone’ Conflict,” Defense News, May 15, 2017.
- Jim Rutenberg, “RT, Sputnik and Russia’s New Theory of War,” New York Times, September 13, 2017.
- Joe Gould, “European Diplomats Urge Support for U.S. Soft Power Against Russia,” Defense News, March 7, 2017
- Jussi Rosendahl and Tuomas Forsell, “EU, NATO Countries Kick Off Center to Counter ‘Hybrid’ Threats,” Reuters, April 11, 2017
- Karina Orlova, “Make America Vigilant Again,” American Interest, September 29, 2017.
- Max Boot, “Russia Has Invented Social Media Blitzkrieg,” Foreign Policy, October 13, 2017.
- Maxim Eristavi, Why the US Keeps Losing the Fight Against Disinformation, Atlantic Council, July 24, 2017
- Molly K. McKew, “Forget Comey: The Real Story Is Russia’s War on America,” Politico, June 11, 2017
- Patrick Tucker, “How NATO Is Preparing to Fight Tomorrow’s Information Wars,” Defense One, October 26, 2017.
- Peter Kreko and Lorant Gyori, From Russia with Hate: The Kremlin’s Support for Violent Extremism in Central Europe, Atlantic Council, May 17, 2017.
- Raine Tiessalo, “Finland Prepares for ‘Manifold Warfare’ as Russia Feeds Paranoia,” Bloomberg, January 19, 2017.
- Reid Standish, “Russia’s Neighbors Respond to Putin’s ‘Hybrid War,’” Foreign Policy, October 12, 2017.
- Sean Illing, “China Is Perfecting A New Method for Suppressing Dissent on the Internet,” Vox, August 2, 2017.
- Susan Landau, “Russia’s Hybrid Warriors Got the White House. Now They’re Coming for America’s Town Halls,” Foreign Policy, September 26, 2017.
- Tim Mak, “U.S. Preps for Infowar on Russia,” Daily Beast, February 6, 2017
- Van Jackson, “Tactics of Strategic Competition,” Naval War College Review, Summer 2017: 39- 61
2018
- Abigail Tracy, “‘A Different Kind of Propaganda’: Has America Lost the Information War,” Vanity Fair, April 23, 2018.
- Dan Mahaffee, “We’ve Lost the Opening Info Battle against Russia; Let’s Not Lose the War,” Defense One, February 23, 2018.
- David Ignatius, “Russia’s Radical New Strategy for Information Warfare,” Washington Post, January 18, 2018.
- Giorgi Menabde, “Russia Employs New ‘Hybrid War’ Methods Against Georgia,” Eurasia Daily Monitor, March 29, 2018.
- Hal Brands, “Putin Is Playing With Fire and We All May Get Burned,” Bloomberg, May 8, 2018.
- Ihor Kabanenko, “Russian ‘Hybrid War’ Tactics at Sea: Targeting Underwater Communications Cables,” Eurasia Daily Monitor, January 23, 2018.
- Janusz Bugajski, Moscow’s Anti-Western Social Offensive, Center for European Policy Analysis, June 13, 2018.
- Jed Willard, “What Europe Can Teach America About Russian Disinformation,” Atlantic, June 9, 2018.
- Joe Pappalardo, “Now NATO Says Russian ‘Hybrid Warfare’ Could Start a Real War,” Popular Mechanics, July 13, 2018.
- John Grady, “Panel: U.S. Needs Non-Military Options to Handle ‘Gray Zone’ Warfare from Russia, China, Iran,” USNI News, May 15, 2018.
- Joshua Stowell, “What is Hybrid Warfare?” Global Security Review, February 2, 2018
- Mark Pomerleau, “Why DoD Leaders Are Increasingly Worried About the ‘Gray Zone,’” C4ISRNet, February 5, 2018.
- Max Boot, “Russia’s Been Waging War on the West for Years. We Just Haven’t Noticed,” Washington Post, March 15, 2018.
- Nathan Freier, The Darker Shade of Gray: A New War Unlike Any Other, Center for Strategic and International Studies, July 27, 2018.
- Reid Standish, “Inside a European Center to Combat Russia’s Hybrid Warfare,” Foreign Policy, January 18, 2018.
- Richard A. Bitzinger, “Russia’s Trump Card: Hybrid Warfare,” Asia Times, July 18, 2018.
- Sydney J. Freedberg Jr., “Russia, China Are Outmaneuvering US: Generals Recommend New Authorities, Doctrine,” Breaking Defense, June 15, 2018.
2019
- Andrew Chuter, “NATO to Define Plan to Counter Russia’s Hybrid Warfare Tactics,” Defense News, December 3, 2019.
- Galeotti, Mark. (2019). Russian political war : moving beyond the hybrid (First edition.). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
- Keir Giles. (2022). “Hybrid Threats”: What Can We Learn From Russia? Federal Academy for Security Policy.
- Linkov, Roslycky, L. L., & Trump, B. D. (2019). Resilience and hybrid threats : security and integrity for the digital world (Linkov, L. L. (Lada L. Roslycky, & B. D. Trump, Eds.). IOS Press.
- Nicole Ng and Eugene Rumer, “The West Fears Russia’s Hybrid Warfare. They’re Missing the Bigger Picture.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 3, 2019.
- Roderick Parkes. (2022). PROTECTING EUROPE: The EU’s response to hybrid threats. European Union Institute for Security Studies EUISS.
- Stanislaw Zaryn, “Russia’s Hybrid Warfare Toolkit Has More to Offer Than Propaganda,” Defense News, August 9, 2019.
- Treverton, Greg. (2019). Hybrid Threats: Challenges for Intelligence. Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademiens Handlingar Och Tidskrift, 1, 117.
- William C. Banks, & Katja Samuel. (2019). Hybrid Threats, Terrorism, and Resilience Planning. ICCT Research Paper (Online), 2019(3). https://doi.org/10.19165/2019.03.1
2020
- Aaron Mehta, “Irregular Warfare Strategies Must Move Beyond Special Forces, Pentagon Says,” Defense News, October 2, 2020.
- Alexander Lott, “What Does Hybrid Warfare Mean for Maritime Security?” National Interest, August 9, 2020.
- Anthony H. Cordesman with the assistance of Grace Hwang, Chronology of Possible Chinese Gray Area and Hybrid Warfare Operations, Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), working draft, July 2, 2020, 20 pp.
- Christopher England, “How Great-Power Politics Will Be Used in an Asymmetric Era,” National Interest, August 5, 2020.
- Donald Stoker and Craig Whiteside, “Blurred Lines: Gray-Zone Conflict and Hybrid War—Two Failures of American Strategic Thinking,” Naval War College Review, Winter 2020.
- Elisabeth Braw, “The West Is Surprisingly Well-Equipped for Gray-Zone Deterrence,” Defense One, October 28, 2020.
- Eric Robinson, “The Missing, Irregular Half of Great Power Competition,” Modern War Institute, September 8, 2020
- Hal Brands, “Don’t Let Great Powers Carve Up the World, Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous,” Foreign Affairs, April 20, 2020.
- Hal Brands, “Pentagon’s New Plan to Fight China and Russia in the Gray Zone,” Bloomberg, October 21, 2020.
- Jeff Goodson, “Irregular Warfare in a New Era of Great-Power Competition,” Modern War Institute, May 20, 2020
- Jim Mitre and Andre Gellerman, “Defining DoD’s Role in Gray Zone Competition,” Center for a New American Security, August 24, 2020.
- Joshua Tallis, “To Compete With Russia and China at Sea, Think Small,” Defense One, May 12, 2020.
- Robert C. Rubel, “Canary In The Coal Mine: The US Navy’s Dilemmas As An Indication Of A Culminating Point In National Grand Strategy,” Journal of Political Risk, April 2020.
- Sam Mullins, “Great Power Competition Versus Counterterrorism: A False Dichotomy,” Just Security, October 23, 2020.
- Sean McFate, “Irregular Warfare with China, Russia: Ready or Not, It’s Coming—If Not Already Here,” The Hill, October 11, 2020.
- Seth Cropsey, “Can We Keep Our ‘Grey Zone’ Edge Over Our Enemies?” The Hill, June 16, 2020.
- Stephen Tankel and Tommy Ross, “Retooling U.S. Security Sector Assistance,” War on the Rocks, October 28, 2020.
2021
- “Annual Threat Assessment of the US Intelligence Community” Office of the Director of National Intelligence”, UNCLASS report, April 2021.
- Dick Zandee. (2022). Countering hybrid threats: Steps for improving EU-NATO cooperation. Clingendael Institute.
- Elizabeth Braw, “Belarus’s Weaponized Migrants Offer a Primer on Gray-Zone Warfare”, Defense One, November 2021.
- Elonheimo, Tuukka. “Comprehensive Security Approach in Response to Russian Hybrid Warfare.” Strategic Studies Quarterly, Fall 2021.
- Gregory B. Poling, Tabitha Grace Mallory, Harrison Prétat, The Center for Advanced Defense Studies, Pulling Back the Curtain on China’s Maritime Militia, Washington DC: CSIS, 2021. https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/211118_Poling_Maritime_Militia.pdf?VersionId=Y5iaJ4NT8eITSlAKTr.TWxtDHuLIq7wR
- Mazaraki, Kalyuzhna, N., & Sarkisian, L. (2021). MULTIPLICATIVE EFFECTS OF HYBRID THREATS. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, 7(4), 136–144. https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-4-136-144
- Mikael Wigell, Harri Mikolla, Tapio Juntunen. Best Practices in the Whole-of-Society Approach in Countering Hybrid Threats Study. INGE Committee, European Union, May 2021.
- Mykhailo Gonchar, “The Weaponization of Nord Stream 2 has already Started”, EURACTIV, September 2021.
- P. Charon and J.-B. Jeangène Vilmer, Chinese Influence Operations: A Machiavellian Moment, Report by the Institute for Strategic Research (IRSEM), Paris, Ministry for the Armed Forces, October 2021. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AhHevTlIOddtKcRaOl6pkUbZ1oXCOima/view
- Rita Costa. (2022). Hybrid Threats in the Context of European Security. National Defense Institute of Portugal.
2022
- Andrew Mumford, Pascal Carlucci. 2022. Hybrid warfare: The continuation of ambiguity by other means. European Journal of International Security, May 9, https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/1B3336D8109D418F89D732EB98B774E5/S2057563722000190a.pdf/hybrid_warfare_the_continuation_of_ambiguity_by_other_means.pdf
- Arcos, Gertrudix, M., Arribas, C., & Cardarilli, M. (2022). Responses to digital disinformation as part of hybrid threats: a systematic review on the effects of disinformation and the effectiveness of fact-checking/debunking. Open Research Europe, 2, 8–. https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14088.1
- Filipec, Ondrej. (2022). Multilevel analysis of the 2021 Poland-Belarus Border Crisis in the Context of Hybrid Threats. Central European Journal of Politics, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.24132/cejop_2022_1
- Lohmann, Sarah. 2022. What Ukraine taught NATO about hybrid warfare. United States Army War College Press, Strategic Studies Institute.
- Lott, Alexander. (2022). Hybrid Threats and the Law of the Sea: Use of Force and Discriminatory Navigational Restrictions in Straits. Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004509368
- Saurabh Singh, Shubham Kumar, Vivek Naithani, China-Taiwan Moving to a Hybrid Warfare, September 2022, Swadeshi Research Foundation A Monthly Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, ISSN : 2394-3580.
- Walzer, Karimova, T. T., & Hancock, M. L. (2022). Interdisciplinary Study of Combating Hybrid Threats. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School.
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